The original church structure dates back to the 13th Century, and has been added to in several large swathes of development over the ensuing years. Notre Dame Cathedral is built from Volvic volcanic rock, which gives the cathedral a dark mysterious charm, towering above the nearby houses and shops of the old town area in Clermont-Ferrand. Some of the highlights of the great cathedral include the 15th Century frescoes on the south transept wall and an interesting collection of stained glass windows.